How is a subpoena best defined?

A subpoena is best defined as a legal document that requires a person to testify or provide evidence. This instrument is commonly used in legal proceedings to ensure that individuals appear in court or produce the requested documents relevant to the case. The issuance of a subpoena serves to compel compliance, and failure to adhere can result in legal penalties, including contempt of court.

In contrast, the other options refer to different legal concepts. An authorization for an arrest is a distinct type of document, while a request to dismiss charges focuses on the legal procedure to potentially terminate a case, and a written notice of a court date is a notification rather than a compulsion to act. Understanding the specific role of a subpoena within the legal process highlights its importance in gathering evidence and ensuring witness participation in cases.