What is the main difference between civil and criminal cases?

The main difference between civil and criminal cases is accurately highlighted by the statement that civil cases involve disputes between individuals, while criminal cases involve prosecution by the state. In civil law, the primary focus is on resolving disputes between private parties, which can include individuals, organizations, or businesses. These disputes often revolve around issues such as contracts, property, and family law. The goal of a civil case is typically to provide a remedy to the wronged party, often in the form of monetary compensation or specific performance.

In contrast, criminal cases are prosecuted by the state or government, reflecting the community's interest in maintaining public order and enforcing laws that protect society as a whole. In these cases, the government charges an individual or entity with a crime, and the focus is on punishing the offender through penalties such as imprisonment, fines, or community service. This distinction is fundamental to understanding the legal system and the differing objectives of civil versus criminal law.