Which concept ensures government accountability and fairness?

The concept of an ombudsman is crucial in promoting government accountability and fairness. An ombudsman is an independent office or official who investigates complaints made by individuals against government agencies or officials. This role serves to ensure that citizens have a mechanism to present their grievances when they feel wronged by government actions or policies.

The ombudsman can investigate issues ranging from administrative errors to unfair treatment and can recommend changes or resolutions. By providing a means for oversight and complaint resolution, the ombudsman helps promote transparency and fairness within government operations. This office is dedicated to protecting the rights of individuals and ensuring that governmental actions align with principles of justice and accountability.

In contrast, the other concepts mentioned do not primarily focus on these aspects of government accountability. Affirmative defense is a legal strategy used in litigation, legal rights refer broadly to entitlements established by laws, and statutory interpretation involves judicial methods to understand legislation, but none of these directly provide a system for holding government accountable to its citizens in the same manner as the role of an ombudsman.