Which party typically initiates legal proceedings in a criminal case?

In a criminal case, it is the prosecution that typically initiates legal proceedings. The prosecution represents the government or the state and is responsible for bringing charges against an individual accused of committing a crime. This initiation usually begins with the filing of formal charges or an indictment, which outlines the alleged crimes and sets the stage for the court process.

The role of the prosecution is crucial, as they must provide evidence to prove the defendant's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. This responsibility lies with the prosecutor, who is often a legal officer working for the state or federal government. Their aim is to uphold the law and maintain public order by ensuring that justice is served in the context of criminal activity.

In contrast, the defendant is the individual accused of the crime, and while they can contest the charges, they do not initiate legal proceedings. The judge plays a critical role in overseeing the trial and ensuring that the legal process is conducted fairly but does not initiate cases. The jury, if present, is responsible for determining the facts of the case and rendering a verdict but also does not initiate proceedings.