Which process allows a party to challenge a court ruling?

The appeal process is correctly identified as the mechanism by which a party can challenge a court ruling. This process allows an individual or entity dissatisfied with a decision made by a lower court to seek a review from a higher court. The appeal typically involves filing a notice of appeal and providing grounds for contesting the original ruling, which could include legal errors or misinterpretations of law.

During the appeal, the higher court examines the arguments and evidence to determine whether to uphold, reverse, or modify the original ruling. This process is important for ensuring that justice is served and that legal decisions can be corrected if necessary, thereby contributing to the integrity of the legal system.

In contrast, litigation refers to the overall process of taking legal action through courts but does not specifically address the challenge of a court's decision. Settlement involves parties reaching an agreement outside of court, often to avoid the uncertainty of a trial or appeals, while arbitration is a method of resolving disputes outside of the court system, usually through a designated arbitrator, rather than challenging court judgments.